Acceptability, continuation and satisfaction of postpartum intrauterine contraceptive device (PPIUCD) and delayed insertion: a comparative study

Background: Postpartum period is an ideal time to counsel and begin contraception as women are strongly motivated at this time, also being convenient for both patients and health-care providers. Copper T 380A is a safe, highly effective method of contraception and has become the method of choice of many women for attaining their reproductive goals.Methods: It was a prospective study conducted from February 2012 and November 2013 in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, JNMCH, AMU, Aligarh, U.P.Results: 386 clients were counseled for immediate postpartum IUCD insertion (GROUP-I), out of which 34.2% clients accepted for insertion but 24.3% actually got it inserted. 337 clients were counseled for extended IUCD insertion (GROUP-II) out of these 61.1% clients accepted but only 16.5% actually got it inserted. 10.63%, 6.02% and 5.19% clients in GROUP-I and 16.22%, 13.11%, 11.54% GROUP-II went lost to follow up at 6 weeks, 3 months and 6 months respectively. Continuation rates in GROUP-I after 6 months was 73.4% in GROUP-I and 59.5% in GROUP-II. Among the clients who continued, 92.7% were satisfied in GROUP-I and 81.8% in GROUP-II.Conclusions: Immediate postpartum IUCD has better acceptability, continuation and satisfaction profile when compared to extended insertion.

Utility of paperless partogram in labor management

Background: Partograph use in labor has revolutionized the obstetric care. WHO recommends universal use of WHO modified partograph, which in clinical setup is less often used. Debdas (2006) proposed the paperless partogram which is designed for use by clinician/nurses/midwives as it is very simple and low skill method. The present study is proposed to evaluate the effectiveness of paperless partogram as a bedside tool and its comparison with WHO modified partograph.Methods: It was a prospective analytical study done in department of obstetrics and gynecology, JNMCH, AMU, Aligarh from September 2017 to July 2019 and included 400 pregnant women at term, divided into 2 groups of 100 each Group A (paperless partogram) and Group B (WHO modified partograph) and their labor events were followed.Results: Out of 200 women that were included in each group, maximum women were multigravida, 58.5% in group A and 61.5% women in Group B. Mean age in Group A was 24.68±3.8years and Group B was 24.93±3.75 years. The mean duration of labor in Group A was 3.57±2.20 hours and Group B was 3.40±2.03 hours. There were 87.5% of women who delivered before alert ETD, likewise in Group B; women who delivered before alert line are 88.5%. These differences were statically not significant. Perinatal outcome was also similar in both groups.Conclusions: In our study, the paperless study was found to be as efficient as WHO modified partograph for management of labor. The mean delivery time was 3.57 hours similar to WHO partograph of difference between alert and action line. Thus, for resource poor setting like India with overburdened population paperless partogram can be used as an alternative to WHO modified partograph which is complex and time consuming

Hyperreactio leuteinalis: benign tumour associated with pregnancy mimicking ovarian malignancy

Hyperreactio leuteinalis refers to pregnancy related enlargement of B/L ovaries rarely unilateral ovary, moderate to marked size due to multiple theca leutein cysts. It is a rare finding associated with pregnancy seen commonly in multiple gestation, GTDs and fetal abnormalities: viz hydrops. It is caused by elevated B-hcg level. We report a case of 28 years old female, primi with 13 spontaneously conceived weeks pregnancy who presented to ANC OPD for regular check-up and vague abdominal discomfort. USG revealed a large right sided ovarian mass, solid cystic in appearance pushing the uterus to left side and upwards. Staging laparotomy was done at 14 weeks viewing it to be a malignant mass. Unilateral right sided oophorectomy was done along with biopsy taken from left ovary. On microscopic histological examination diagnosis of hyperreactio leuteinalis unilateral ovary was made. Hyperreactio leuteinalis mimicking ovarian malignancy on USG results in unnecessary surgical intervention

Design And Simulation Of An Intelligent Adaptive Arbiter For Maximum Cpu Usage Of Multicore Processors

The recent technology in the world of microprocessor is blended with complex chips that incorporate multiple processors dedicated for specific computational needs. Therefore, in any shared memory system, an arbitration technique plays an important role to allocate access to the shared resources. The major challenge dealt in the proposed research is the achievement of maximum CPU utilization by exploiting its multiple cores with moderate bus bandwidth allocation and low system latency. In order to tackle the aforesaid problems, an intelligent adaptive arbitration technique has been proposed for the masters designed according to the traffic behaviour of the data flow. The proposed intelligent adaptive arbitration technique is implemented using STREAM, which is a synthetic benchmark program that measures computational rate and sustainable memory bandwidth. In terms of performance analysis, the proposed arbitration technique has been compared with the recent arbitration technique, such as adaptive arbitration technique, dynamic lottery bus arbitration, round robin arbitration and static fixed priority arbitration. To enhance the CPU utilization and bandwidth optimization, the proposed arbitration technique has been modelled using SystemC and OpenMP threads using the method of parallel programming to enable multi-core computing. Some recent arbitration technique achieves fair bus bandwidth allocation up to some extent but fails to achieve maximum CPU utilization, as the processor spends 95-96 % of their time idle and waits for cache misses to be satisfied. The proposed arbitration technique is a strong case in favour of maximum CPU usage and bandwidth optimization, as it consumes the processor cores up to 74% and also reduces the bandwidth fluctuation as well as latency

Parallel Processing of Image Segmentation Data Using Hadoop

The use of sequential programming is slowly getting replaced by distributed and parallel computing which is widely being used in computing industries to handle tasks with big data and various high-end computing applications comprising of huge image and video data banks. Moreover, image processing using parallel computation is also gaining momentum in today's technological era. Nowadays researchers are coming up with various methodologies to tackle high scale image processing applications by implementing parallel computing methodologies to carry out the specified image processing application task and simultaneously checking its performance against sequential programming. At the same time there are constraints on what can be done to maximize the task performance using high end multi-core CPU's with advanced buses and interconnects that offer high bandwidth with low system latency. It is to be noted that there is no availability of standardized image processing task which can be used to evaluate a single node system. In this paper, we propose an efficient parallel processing algorithm to perform the task of image segmentation with the foremost aim to analyze the threshold of data size at which the proposed method outperforms sequential programming method in terms of task execution time by analyzing the distribution of average CPU cores usage and its threads over the execution time. The proposed methodology could be useful for researchers, as it can perform multiple image segmentation in parallel, which can save a lot of time of the user. For the purpose of comparison, we also implemented the same image segmentation task using sequential method of programming in an integrated development environment platform

Maternal and foetal outcome of acute kidney injury in pregnancy single centre experience from North India

Background: The diagnosis and treatment of acute kidney injury in pregnancy is a challenge to the physician as various pathophysiological changes take place during pregnancy, variability of symptoms and occasionally overlapping laboratory and clinical features. The occurrences of feto-maternal mortality associated with it decreased in developing nations due to increased prenatal and postnatal care and improved medical facilities. This study was undertaken to provide insight into feto-maternal outcome in patients presenting with acute kidney injury (AKI) during pregnancy. Methods: This was an open label prospective hospital-based cohort study comprising patients admitted in obstetrics and nephrology wards, presenting with AKI and no known chronic illnesses prior to pregnancy. Following criteria were used to diagnose AKI during pregnancy: (a) Elevation of S. creatinine ≥ 1 mg/dl; (b) Oligo-anuria for ≥ 12 hours and (c) Need for RRT. 50 such cases were enrolled in the study. Results: Out of all patients enrolled, majority (60%) had improved renal function, 16% expired, and 24% had no recovery in renal function. Out of all patients taken for haemodialysis, 20% of patients had improved renal function, 20% expired and 60% had no recovery in renal function. Mean S. creatinine on 3 months follow-up in conservative group found-1.67±1.31 mg/dl. 60% pregnancies resulted in the birth of a live baby and rest resulted in foetal loss. Conclusions: In our study, it was found that acute kidney injury in pregnancy results in significant feto-maternal mortality and morbidity. Those patients, who had significant renal derangement and concomitant complications, had poorer outcome

Numerical simulations of a CD nozzle and the influence of the duct length

A numerical method is used to observe the effect of microjets control on wall pressure spreading in sudden expansion two-dimensional planar duct. In order to find the microjet effectiveness 2-jets of 1 mm diameter orifice located precisely at 900 of intervals along a pitch-circle-distance (PCD) of 1.3 times the exit diameter of the nozzle in the base were employed to control actively. At the present study, the Mach number was used to calibrate the entry to duct was 2.2, and the area ratio of 2.56. The focus in this study and investigate the influence of length-to-diameter ratio (L/D) of a suddenly expanded duct and its effect on the development of the flow field. Hence, to achieve this, the duct length has been varied from 2 to 10. Nozzles are producing such Mach numbers the experiments were performed operating at nozzle pressure ratio (NPR) 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11. The convergent-divergent nozzle geometry has been studied using the K-ε standard wall function turbulence model and independently check with the ANSYS software

Control of CD nozzle flow using microjets at Mach 2.1

This paper reports the outcome of the wind tunnel investigation performed to study the effectiveness of the control jets to regulate the base pressure in an abruptly expanded circular pipe. Tiny jets four in a number, of 1 mm orifice diameter located at ninety degrees in cross shape along a pitch circle diameter (PCD) of 1.3 as a control mechanism were employed. The Mach numbers and the area ratio of the study were 2.1, and 4.84. The length-to-diameter (L/D) ratio of the duct tested was varied from 10 to 1. Nature of the flow in the duct, as well as static wall pressure distribution in the suddenly enlarged duct, was recorded. The main aim of this study was to assess the influence of the active control in the form of tiny jets on the flow field as well as the nature of the flow, and also the development of the flow in the duct. The results obtained in this study show that the flow field, as well as the wall pressure distribution, is not adversely influenced by the tiny jets. The minimum duct length seems to be 2D for NPR's in the range five and above. However, for all the level of expansion of the present study, the minimum duct length needed for the flow to remain attached seems to be 3D

Ovarian Steroid Cell Tumour: Correlation of Histopathology with Clinicopathologic Features

Ovarian steroid cell tumours (not otherwise specified) are rare neoplasms of the ovary and are classified under lipid cell tumours. Their diagnosis can be considered as one of exclusion. Histopathologically, the tumour should carefully be evaluated for microscopic features of malignancy, but it is essential for the clinician and the pathologist to remember that in these tumours, pathologically benign histomorphology does not exclude the possibility of clinically malignant behaviour. Our case study focuses on the comparative findings in a postmenopausal female diagnosed with an ovarian steroid tumour (not otherwise specified). A careful correlation between clinical and surgical evaluation and microscopic analysis is necessary, as is a regular followup

Evaluating the Surface Free Energy and Moisture Sensitivity of Warm Mix Asphalt Binders Using Dynamic Contact Angle

From the environmental conservation perspective, warm mix asphalt is more preferable compared to hot mix asphalt. This is because warm mix asphalt can be produced and paved in the temperature range 20–40°C lower than its equivalent hot mix asphalt. In terms of cost-effectiveness, warm mix asphalt can significantly improve the mixture workability at a lower temperature and thus reduce greenhouse gas emissions, to be environment friendly. However, the concern, which is challenging to warm mix asphalt, is its susceptibility to moisture damage due to its reduced production temperature. This may cause adhesive failure, which could eventually result in stripping of the asphalt binder from the aggregates. This research highlights the significance of Cecabase warm mix additive to lower the production temperature of warm mix asphalt and improvise the asphalt binder adhesion properties with aggregate. The binders used in the preparation of the test specimen were PG-64 and PG-76. The contact angle values were measured by using the dynamic Wilhelmy plate device. The surface free energy of Cecabase-modified binders was then computed by developing a dedicated algorithm using the C++ program. The analytical measurements such as the spreadability coefficient, work of adhesion, and compatibility ratio were used to analyze the results. The results inferred that the Cecabase improved the spreadability of the asphalt binder over limestone compared to the granite aggregate substrate. Nevertheless, the Cecabase-modified binders improved the work of adhesion. In terms of moisture sensitivity, it is also evident from the compatibility ratio indicator that, unlike granite aggregates, the limestone aggregates were less susceptible to moisture damage